1952:London, England.Miss Sweden, May Louise Flodin, was crowned Miss World.

1953:London, England. Denisse Perrier became the first French to win the Miss World. Miss Greece was the 1st runner-up…

1954:London, England. Miss Egypt, Antigone Constanda, was elected Miss World. She was the first African woman to win the Miss World.

1955:London, England. Surprisingly, Miss Venezuela, Carmen Susana Duijm Zubillaga, won the Miss World title. Miss Venezuela was given a heroines´s welcome when she returned to her country.

1956:London, England.Miss Germany, Petra Sussana Schurmann, was elected Miss World.

1957:London,England. Marita Lindahl was the first person from Finland to win the Miss World pageant.

1958:London, England.Miss South Africa, Penelope Anne Colen, was elected Miss World. She was the second African woman to win the Miss World.

1959:London, England.Corinne Rottschafer was the first woman from Holland to win the Miss World.

1960:London,England. Norma Gladys Cappagly became the first Argentinian to win the Miss World.

1961:London, England. Miss United Kingdom, Rosemary Frankland, won the Miss World title. Miss Taiwan, Grace Lee, was the first runner-up…

1962:London,England.Catharina Johanna Lodders became the second Miss Holland to win the Miss World pageant.

1963:London, England. Surprisingly, Miss Jamaica, Carole Joan Crawford, was crowned Miss World. She became the first woman from Caribbean to win the Miss World.

1964:London, England. Miss United Kingdom, Ann Sydney, was elected Miss World.

1965: London, England. Miss United Kingdom, Lesley Langley, was crowned Miss World. The United Kingdom was a dominant force in Miss World in the 1960s.

1966:London, England.Rita Faria became the first Miss India to win the Miss World title.

1967:Miss Peru, Madeleine Hartog-Bell, was crowned as the 17th Miss World in London´s Royal Albert Hall Theater on November 16th.The favourites were South Africa´s Disa Duivestein, United Kingdom´s Jennifer Lewis, Czechoslovakia´s Alzabeta Struckulova, Peru´s Madeleine Hartog-Bell, and Guyana´s Shakira Baksh. Miss World 1967 worked as a fashion model for approximately 10 months in Paris. For the first time, Tanzania sent a delegate named Theresa Shayo to London.

1968:London, England. The winner was Penelope Plummer, Miss Australia. At the onset, Israel´s Mirey Zamir was the favourite. Misses Guyana and Yugoslavia were semifinalists.For the first time, the United States did not qualify for the semi-finals.Africa sent eight delegates to London (Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tunisia, and Uganda).

1969:London, England.Eva Rueber Staier became the first Miss Austria to win the Miss World title.Miss Mexico, Gloria Leticia Hernandez Martin del Campo, was crowned Miss Photogenic. For the second time, Czechoslovakia, a communist republic in Europe, sent a delegate to London. Miss Czechoslovakia, Marcela Bitnarova, was one of the semifinalists at the pageant. Ironically, Peru did not participate at the Miss World.

1970:London, England. Surprisingly, Miss Grenada, Jennifer Josephine Hosten, was crowned Miss World.She became the first black woman to win the pageant. Ms.Hosten put Grenada, a small island in the Caribbean, on the map when she was elected Miss World.
Miss Yugoslavia, a communist state in Europe, qualified for the semi-finals.

1971:London,England.Miss Brazil, Lucia Tavares Petterle, won the Miss World title.Surprises among the top 15 were Misses Guyana (Nalini Moonsar),South Africa (Monica Fairall), Guam (Deborah Bordallo), and Portugal ( Ana Paula De Almeida). Surprisingly, Grenada did not participate at the Miss World.

1972:London, England.Miss Australia, Belinda Green, was crowned Miss World. She was the second woman from her country to win the coveted title.For the first time, Botswana sent a delegate named Agnes Motswere to London. Surprises among the top 15 were Misses Seychelles (Jane Edan Straves) and Mexico (Gloria Gutierrez Lopez).Surprisingly, Miss Belgium, Anne Marie Roger, did not enter the semi-finals.Before she went to England, Miss Belgium competed in Miss Universe 1972, where she was semi-finalist and Miss Photogenic.

1973:London, England. Marjorie Wallace became the first American to win the Miss World title.Miss Philippines, Evangeline Luis Pascual, was the first runner-up.In July, her countrywoman, Margarita Moran, had been crowned Miss Universe 1973. Miss Seychelles, June Gouthier, was semi-finalist and Miss Personality.

1974:London, England.Miss United Kingdom, Helen Elizabeth Morgan, was elected Miss World.Just four days after Miss United Kingdom, Helen Morgan, had ascended the throne she was dethroned by Miss World Organization. Why? She was a single mother. Miss Wales and Miss United Kingdom was the first runner-up in the final Miss Universe 1974. She once said,” I offer the triumph to my son Richard. I will feel proud that when he grow up he can says that his mother is officially one of the most beautiful woman”.She was replaced by Miss South Africa, Anneline Kriel. Miss South Africa 1974 became the third woman from Africa to win the Miss World pageant.Miss Yugoslavia, Jadranka Bajac, was crowned Miss Photogenic.

1975:London, England. Wilnelia Merced Cruz became the first woman from Puerto Rico to win the Miss World title. Miss Yugoslavia,Ladija Verkovska, was the fourth runner-up. Miss Venezuela, Maria Conchita Alonso Bustillo, finished in 7th place. From 1984 to 2004, she became an actress and singer in Latin America, Spain and the United States.
For the first time, Haiti sent a delegate named Joelle Apollon to London.Certainly, Miss Haiti had classical beauty of the black women around the world.She finished in 6th place. Surprisingly,Miss Swaziland,Vinah Thembi Mamba, was crowned Miss Photogenic.Miss United States, Annelise Ilschenko, did not qualify for the semi-finals.

1976:London, England.Miss Jamaica, Cinthya “Cyndy” Jane Breakspeare, became the second woman from Jamaica to win the Miss World title.Miss United States,Kimberley Marre Foley, did not qualify for the semi-finals. In the 1970s, many women from Caribbean won six global pageants:Grenada (Miss World 1970), Puerto Rico (Miss Universe 1971 and Miss World 1975), Jamaica (Miss World 1976),Trinidad & Tobago (Miss Universe 1977), and Bermuda (Miss World 1979).

1977:London, England. The Miss World 1977 title was won by Mary Stavin, Miss Sweden.Ironically, Miss Brazil, Magdalena Sbairini, was the big favourite. Surprisses among the top 15 were Miss Mexico (Elyzabeth Gonzalez) and Miss Peru (Isabel Frias Zavala).Unfortunately, Miss Nicaragua, Beatriz Lacayo Obregon, one of the most beautiful girls, did not qualify for the semi-finals.

1978: London, England. Miss Mexico, Martha Eugenia Ortiz, was a big favourite, but she did not win the Miss World title. She was for many the “Miss World of the night”! However, Miss Mexico was crowned Miss Photogenic.Surprisingly, Argentina´s Silvana Suarez was crowned Miss World. Miss El Salvador, Iris Yvette Mazorra, did not qualify for the semi-finals.She was one of the most popular delegates in Miss Universe 1978.

1979:London, England. The Miss World 1979 title was won by Gina Ann Cassandra Swainson, Miss Bermuda. She was the first runner up in the final Miss Universe 1979.Miss Venezuela, Tatiana Capote, was disqualified by Miss World Organization. What happened? One of her breasts slipped from the side during the dress rehearsal.

1980:London, England.Miss Germany, Gabrielle Brumm, won the Miss World.However, Miss Germany was dethroned by Miss World Organization. On November 28, 1980, in Agana (Guam´s capital), Miss Guam, Kimberley Santos, was elected Miss World.

1981:London, England. Miss Venezuela was crowned Miss World and Miss Americas. At the onset, Venezuela´s Carmen Josefina “Pilin” Leon Crespo was the favourite.

1982:London, England. Miss Dominican Republic was crowned as the 32nd Miss World in London´s Royal Albert Hall Theater.She was the first woman from her country to win the loveted title. For political reasons, Miss Argentina did not participate at the Miss World.The favorites were Misses Trinidad & Tobago and Switzerland.Special awards were given to Lolita Morena of Switzerland for Miss Photogenic, and to Maureen Therese Lewis of the Cayman islands for Miss Personality. Miss Trinidad-Tobago, Althea Ingrind Rocke, was compared to “Cleopatra” by Journalists.

1983:Miss United Kingdom, Sarah-Jane Hutt, won the international beauty Pageant on May 26, 1987, in London.Surprises among the top 15 were misses Hong Kong (Margaret Cheung) and Bolivia (Ana Taboada Arnold).Miss Bolivia made it to the quarter-finals for the second time in a row.Miss Yugoslavia, Bernart Marovt, was elected Miss photogenic.

1984:London, England. Venezuela´s Carolina Astrid Herrera was crowned Miss Photogenic,Miss Americas and Miss World. However, Miss Brazil became a big favourite by experts and journalists.Miss Brazil,Adrianne Alvess de Oliveira, had several years experience as professional model in Paris.

1985: London, England. The final results were: Miss USA (2nd runner-up), Miss United Kingdom (1st runner-up), and Miss Iceland was Miss World 1985. Ironically, Miss Venezuela, Rudy Rosario Rodriguez del Lucia,had the highest semifinal score…

1986:London, England.Giselle Jeanne-Marie Laronde from Trinidad & Tobago became the third black woman to be crowned Miss World. Curiously,Miss United States, Halle Berry (currently famous actress) went to London to enter the Miss World pageant, where she came in sixth place.Miss Ecuador, Alicia Gisella Cucalon Macias,finished in 7th place.

1987:London, England.The winner was Miss Austria.Ulla Weigerstorfer became the second Miss Austria to win the Miss World contest.The first runner-up Miss Venezuela was the crowd favourite. Albany Josefina Lozada Jimenez was one of the most beautiful women in the Miss Venezuela history.Miss Poland, Monika Nowosadko, finished in 4th place. For the first time since 1982, Argentina sent a delegate named Catherine Ciscatto. She came in sixth place.

1988:London, England. The final results were: the 2nd runner up was Miss United Kingdom, the 1st runner-up was Miss South Korea and Miss World 1988 was Miss Iceland. Linda Petursdottir became the second Miss Iceland to win the Miss World.Miss Guatemala,Mariluz Aguilar Rivas, was crowned Miss Photogenic.

1989:Victory City, Hong Kong. Surprisingly, Miss Poland, Aneta-Beata Kreglicka, was elected Miss World. She was the first woman from a communist country to win the Miss World title.The USSR competed at the Miss World pageant for the first time.Miss USSR,Anna Gorbunova, won the Miss Photogenic award.

1990:London, England. The final results were: Miss New Zealand (4th runner-up), Miss Finland (3rd runner-up),Miss Venezuela (2nd runner-up), Miss Ireland (1st runner-up), and Miss United States was Miss Americas and Miss World 1990.Miss Venezuela,Sharon Luenso Gonzalez,won the Miss Photogenic title.

1991:Atlanta,United States. Miss Venezuela, Ninibeth Beatriz Leal Jimenez, was crowned Miss Americas and Miss World 1991.She became the fourth Miss Venezuela to win the Miss World contest.

1992:Sun City, South Africa.For the first time, Africa hosted the pageant.Representatives from 83 countries, territories and dependencies attended the Miss World.Miss Russia, Yuliya Alexandrovna Kurochkina, was elected Miss Europe and Miss World 1992.

1993: Sun City,South Africa. Representatives from 83 countries and territories attended the Miss World.One of the most enthusiastic fans was Nelson Mandela, who was president of South Africa. Miss Jamaica, Lisa Hanna, was crowned Miss World. Miss People´s Republic of China,Wang Yin Tao, did not compete at the Miss World. Miss China pageant has been forbidden since 1950 by the Chinese communists.

1994: Sun City, South Africa.The final results were: Miss Croatia (4th runner-up), Miss Zimbabwe (3rd runner-up),Miss Venezuela (2nd runner-up), Miss South Africa (1st runner-up), and India was Miss Asia and Miss World 1990.Miss India, Aishwarya Rai, also was elected Miss photogenic.

1995:Miss Venezuela,Jackeline Maria Aguilera Marcano, was crowned Miss Americas and Miss World in Sun City´s Entertainment Centre on November 18th.She also won the Miss Photogenic award.

1996:Bangalore, India. Irene Skliva was the first person from Greece to win the Miss World pageant.

1997:Baie Lazare,Seychelles (a small island in Africa). Representatives from 86 countries, territories and dependencies attended the Miss World.India´s Diana Hayden was elected Miss World.She was the third woman from India to win the Miss World title. For the first time since 1989, Miss Venezuela, Christina Dieckmann Jimenez, did not qualify for the semi-finals.

1998:Lake Berjay Mahé Beach Resort, Seychelles. Miss Israel,Linor Abargil, was crowned Miss Asia and Miss World.Linor Abargil was the first woman from Israel to win the Miss World contest.For the second time, Miss Venezuela,Veronica Schneider, did not qualify for the semi-finals.

1999:London, England.Miss India, Yukta Mookhey was crowned Miss Asia and Miss World 1999.At the onset, Venezuela´s Martina Thorogood Heemsem was the favourite. Many people thought that Miss Venezuela was robbed…

2000:London, England. Representatives from 95 countries and territories attended the Miss World. India´s Priyanka Mini Chopra was elected Miss World.She became the fifth Miss India to win the Miss World pageant.

2001:Sun City, South Africa. Miss Nigeria,Ibiagbanidokibudo Asenté Darego, was crowned Miss World. At the onset, Miss Chile, Christiane Balmelli was the favourite.Surprisingly, Miss Chile did not qualify for the semi-finals. The People´s Republic of China competed at the Miss World pageant for the first time.Miss China,Bing Li, was finalist.

2002:Abuja (Nigeria) and London(England). Representatives from 88 countries and territories attended the Miss World. Azra Akin was the first person from Turkey to win the Miss World pageant.Vietnam,a communist country in Asia, competed at the Miss World pageant for the first time.Miss Vietnam,Pham Thi Mai Phuong, was semi-finalist.

2003:Sanya,China. For the first time,the peoples´s Republic of China hosted the pageant.Representatives from 106 countries, territories and dependencies attended the Miss World. Miss Ireland was crowned Miss World and Miss Europe. At the onset,Rossana Davison, was the favourite.

2004:Sanya, China.Representatives from 107 countries, territories and dependencies attended the Miss World.Miss Peru, Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia,was elected Miss Americas and Miss World by internet users. Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia was the second woman from Peru to win the Miss World title.After her victory, she was given a heroic welcome in her country.Currently, she is an idol in Peru such as Teofilo Cubillas (former football player),Cecilia Tait Villacorta (former sportswoman), and Gladys Zender (ex-Miss Universe).

2005:Sanya, China. Representatives from 104 countries and territories attended the Miss World. Unnur Birma Vilhjámsdottir became the third Icelandic to win the Miss World pageant.

2006:Warswaw, the capital city of Poland. Representatives from 104 countries and territories attended the Miss World.Miss Czech Republic, Tatana Kuracharova, was elected Miss World. At the onset, Venezuela´s Federica Alexandra Guzman Diamante was the favourite. Many people thought that Miss Venezuela was robbed…

Author: Alejandro Guevara Onofre
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: Programmable Pressure Cooker

Both Jenny Craig and Nutrisystem have been on the market for a very long time, and have proven successful results. However, a company in any industry needs to distinguish itself from its competitors in order to maximize sales. This is why companies employ big names to push their product, hoping that a pretty face and a dusting of star power will induce the consumer to choose them over the competition.

Jenny Craig celebrity diet

Weight loss guru Jenny Craig brought her commercial weight loss program to the American public in 1985. It has been a commercial powerhouse and one of the more popular celebrity diets ever since. It involves a three-step program:

• The first step is learning how and when to eat the pre-packaged meals.
• The second step is learning how to integrate regular exercise into your life.
• The third step is learning how to maintain momentum in order to keep the weight off.

Kirstie Alley

In December 2004, Jenny Craig Inc. announced that it had signed on Kirstie Alley to be their spokesperson. At the time, Kirstie was at her heaviest weight of 220 pounds. She was gracing the covers of numerous magazines showcasing her weight problem. Her weight issues were being talked about on almost every entertainment talk show and celebrity gossip magazine. She had also burst back into showbiz with her new television show “Fat Actress”, which focused on the weight problem of the main character. Kirstie was once again in the public eye, and a critical eye it was. Jenny Craig saw the potential financial gain for her company in contracting Kirstie to promote a celebrity diet. Not only was Kirstie constant magazine fodder, thus virtually guaranteeing substantial exposure, but she was also well-known and loved for her role on the long-running program “Cheers” as the sassy, sultry Rebecca Howe. Kirstie Alley has since lost 75 pounds.

In April 2007, Jenny Craig saw another lucrative opportunity, and made a celebrity addition to her team, Valerie Bertinelli, the loveable Barbara Cooper on “One Day at a Time”. Valerie confessed that she adopted this particular diet because she was impressed with Kirstie’s progress in the battle to lose weight. Valerie’s aim was to lose 30 pounds on the Jenny Craig program, and in September 2007, she realized her goal.

Nutrisystem celebrity diet

Nutrisystem was created in 1972. It started out marketing a liquid protein diet, which was abandoned in 1978 due to growing competition, and then it switched to selling pre-packaged meals designed to aid in weight loss. The company went bankrupt in the early 90′s, and re-emerged in 1999.

Nutrisystem’s method of operation relies on providing all the food for its clients, in order for them to remain true to their prescribed diet. Each and every meal is pre-packaged and sent to the client, rendering the diet simple to adhere to and relatively easy to maintain. However, Nutrisystem’s diet program is particularly geared toward weight loss, and does not focus on weight maintenance.

Tori Spelling

One eager advocate of Nutrisystem is Tori Spelling. She recently joined the program to shed some weight following the birth of her son. Tori admitted that she has never had weight issues in the past and was therefore looking for a quick loss program. This method is dramatically different from the one that Jenny Craig employs.

Summary

• Nutrisystem is effective in helping its overweight clients shed those stubborn pounds quickly, but may not help them in keeping them off. The pre-packaged meals may aid clients in understanding portion control, but the program does not incite them to make future healthy food choices on their own.
• Jenny Craig Inc. also employs the use of pre-packaged meals, but when clients have lost half of their goal weight, the plan switches gears. Clients are then encouraged to start making their own meals, employing the techniques and tips they have learned thus far in the Jenny Craig program.

Do we “buy” it?

All you have to do is turn on the television to see that using celebrities to endorse products must be working brilliantly. We can observe tennis pro Maria Sharapova selling us Canon digital cameras, or Ellen Degeneres singing the praises of American Express, or Nicole Kidman pushing Chanel No. 5, and so on, so forth. When consumers wish to buy a certain product, they want to believe that the celebrity spokesperson is promising a good investment. So, just as we prefer golfer Tiger Woods selling us sporting equipment, and the stunning Halle Berry selling us cosmetics, we most definitely want a former “Fat Actress” selling us a weight loss program (a Celebrity Diet!).

Author: Holly Cates
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: Pressure cooker

Chinese and Japanese tattoos have become very well known for their artistic beauty and flair. A friend of mine has a beautiful Chinese symbol on her back which represents friendship and love. The Chinese and Japanese Calligraphies are exotic and mysterious which enhances the desire for these beautiful symbols. However, it is important to do the proper research of these languages as you would not like to have a permanent mark on your body which had a meaning you might not understand and later regret.

Many African cultures and tribes have been featured on the covers and pages of National Geographic and other highly revered magazines displaying their distinguished marks of family, tribes, and accomplishments. These tattoos have been around for hundreds of years. The popularity has grown from centuries ago, and spread to European, Mideastern, South American, North American, Asian, Austrailian countries and many other countries and cultures throughout the world.

Chances are, many of your favorite celebrities have at least one tattoo. In the music and entertainment world, some of the celebrities that have tattoos are: Pamela Anderson, Kid Rock, Angelina Jolie, Cher, Brad Pitt, Ben Affleck, Robert Dinero, Johnny Depp, Jennifer Aniston, Beyonce, Eminem, Xzibit, 50 Cent, Nelly, Usher, Mark Wahlberg, Diddy, Billy Idol, Anna Kournikova, Dwayne Johnson-The Rock, Kanye West, Missy Elliot, Michael Jordan, Paris Hilton, Madonna, Rosie O’Donnell, Whoopi Goldberg.and Halle Berry, just to name a few. The list goes on and on! Even Franklin D. Roosevelt, Sir Winston Churchill, and Thomas Edison had tattoos.

But how can I even mention the word tattoo, without including rockers Tommy Lee, and Dave Navarro, and members of Green Day, Limp Bizkit, and Blink 182? They are covered with some pretty wild and awesome tattoos. If you are thinking about getting a tattoo, you will not be in bad company!

These days, it’s very in style to have a tattoo. Whether you are famous or not, for most people, tattoos have a special meaning and have gained a new understanding and acceptance. It is a representation of what you want people to know about you and what you stand for. A tattoo is a message about you, to yourself and others. So take your time in choosing the one that is right for YOU.

Author: C. Barela
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: Canada duty tariff

USA

In 1986, Halle Berry, Ohio’s candidate, failed to capture the crown of Miss USA Universe in Miami, Florida. For this reason, she did not participate in the 34th Miss Universe in Panama City. Today Halle is a world-famous actress.

South Africa

Before a predominantly black audience at the Windhoek Country Club in Namibia ( Africa ), Augustine Masilela became South Africa’s first black delegate in the Miss Universe pageant ( 1995 ).

The Bahamas

In July 1982 Ava Marilyn Burke, Miss Bahamas, became the third black to conquer the Miss Photogenic Award after Bermuda’s Margaret Hill ( 1971 ) and Trinidad Tobago’s Janelle Commissiong ( 1977 ). Surprisingly Miss Bahamas defeated Cinzia Fiordeponti ( Italy ) and Odette Scrooby ( South Africa ). USA

Michigan-born Carole Gist became the first black Miss United States ( it should not be confused with “Miss America Pageant” ) in 1990. She was also the first non-Texas to be elected Miss USA Universe since 1984. This girl came close to winning the Miss Universe title in Los Angeles, California — she had been defeated by Mona Grundt ( Norway ).

The Democratic Republic of the Congo

In the mid-1980s, Miss Zaire, Kayonga “Benita” Mureka Tete, almost won the global title in Miami, Florida. Her exotic and natural beauty impressed international judges, including Victor Bannerjee ( actor ) and Susan George ( actress ). During her stay in Florida, she was one of the most popular entries. In addition to Miss Zaire 1985, the African nation has sent only three delegates to Miss Universe : Ombayi Mukuta ( Miss Congeniality 1972 ), Lokange Lwali ( 1984 ) and Aimee Likobe Dobala ( semifinalist, 1986 ). Since 1997 Zaire changed its name to the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Colombia

On November 14, 2001, Vanessa Mendoza was the first black to win the Miss Colombia contest, one of the most popular events in the South American nation since 1935.Like their countrywomen Aura Maria Mojica ( 1977 ), Patricia López ( 1987 ) and Claudia Elena Vasquez ( 1997 ), she was one of the heavy favorites to win the Miss Universe crown, along with Russian Okasana Fyodorova and American Shauntay Renae Hinton.Unfortunately Vanessa, who admires Nelson Mandela, did not make even the semi-finals in San Juan de Puerto Rico in 2002.

Brazil

In 1986, Deisy Nunes de Souza, Miss Brazil, became the first African-Brazilian woman to make the semi-finals in the Miss Universe Pageant in Panama City’s Atlapa Convention Center.

Curacao

In 1968, Anne Marie Braafheid, Miss Curacao, made history when she was first runner-up at the Miss Universe.

USA

America’s contestant Chelsy Smith, who was Miss Texas , became the second black woman to be named Miss Universe in 1995 in Windhoek, the capital city of the African country of Namibia. She was also the first black semi-finalist since 1993.

Botswana

After a failed try for the 1997 Miss World title in Mahe, Seychelles ( Africa ), Mpule Kwelagobe, Miss Botswana, became Miss Universe in Chaguaramas ( Trinidad & Tobago ) in 1999. An international panel headed by former ambassador Charles Gargano chose Mpule — which means in Tswana “one who comes with the rain” — to be the last Miss Universe of the 20th century. Miss Universe 1999 once said, ” Today women use their beauty and brains to stand up for what they believe in, and pageants are platforms to spearhead and promote issues of concern”. She is one of Botswana’s five national idols.

Venezuela

Venezuela’s Carolina Indriago, who had been seen as the first black South American with real chance to capture a global title, finished fourth at the Miss Universe in 1999.

Trinidad & Tobago

Miss Trinidad Tobago, Janelle “Penny” Commissiong, lived up to her reputation as one of the most beautiful women of the Caribbean by winning the Miss Universe crown in 1977.She became the second woman to hold the MU and Miss Photogenic titles at the same time. During her reign, Janelle was seen as someone who could improve the status of race relations in the world.

Belize

Sarita Acosta became the first and only Miss Belize to make the semi-finals in the Miss Universe ( 1979 ). In the 70s, only five other black delegates did it : Cherrie Raphaelia Creque ( American Virgin Island, 1971 ), Maureen Ava Veira ( Aruba, 1974 ), Gerthie David ( Haiti, 1975 ), Janelle Commissiong ( Trinidad Tobago, 1977 ) and Gina Swainson ( Bermuda ).

Lesotho

Lesotho’s delegate Joan Libuseng Khoali was one of 12 favorites to win the universal title in Acapulco ( Mexico ) in 1978. She came from Lesotho, a tiny kingdom on the African continent.

Haiti

In the early 60s, Evelyn Miot, Miss Haiti, became the first black woman to make the second round in Miss Universe history.

Bermuda

Miss Bermuda, Margaret Hill, became the first black delegate to win the coveted Miss Photogenic trophy in 1970.

Tanzania

Tanzania, an African nation known for its mountains and wildlife, had a strong contestant in Miss Universe 2007.Her name: Flaviana Matata. “I am very glad to represent my country Tanzania and, above all, to make it to the top ten finals. I finished sixth out of the 77 contestants from across the world”, she said during an interview in Mexico City. She is the only MU semi-finalist from Tanzania.

Italy

Dominican-born Italian Denny Mendez came to international attention in 1996 when she was the first black girl to capture the Miss Italy, one of the world’s oldest beauty contests. She was chosen Miss Italy in a disputed and controversial election. In 1997 she placed fifth in the Miss Universe.

Panama

Gloria Karamanites was the only black candidate who qualified for the second round in the global contest in Seoul ( South Korea ) in 1980. In this decade, only five other black delegates did it: Benita Mureka ( Zaire, 1985 ), Deysi Nunes de Souza ( Brazil, 1986 ), Aimee Likobe Dobola ( Zaire, 1986 ), Carmelita Louise Ariza ( Turks & Caicos, 1987 ) and Sandra Foster ( Jamaica, 1989 ).

Trinidad and Tobago

Wendy Rachelle Fitzwilliam, a native from Trinidad Tobago, won the 46th Miss Universe title in Honolulu, Hawaii. Wendy once said: “My role model is Audrey Hepburn. Her extraordinary beauty and grace was reflected in all facets of her life. Ms. Hepburn was a good mother, always a lady, a pioneer in her support of UNICEF, and, of course, superb actress”.

France

African-born French Sonia Rolland, who escaped from the war in Rwanda, was crowned Miss France in 2000. This girl, now an actress, was one of the first black women to win the European contest. Miss France 2000 qualified for the second round in the 48th Miss Universe Pageant in Nicosia ( Cyprus ).

Author: Alejandro Guevara Onofre
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: Make PCB Assembly

11: The record for the longest tattoo session is 43 hours and 50 minutes. The duties were shared by 2 artists.
12: In 2005 Kimberly Smith was paid $10,000 to have Golden Palace.Com tattooed on her forehead by the casino, to help pay for her daughter’s education. The casino is noted for its outlandish promotions.
13: Thomas Edison had five dots tattooed on his left forearm, similar to the dots on dice.
14: Lip tattoos only last 1 to 5 years and need to be frequently retouched, the most common a cosmetic lip liner.
15: The second most common reason for tattoo removal is mistranslation.
16: In 2010 Channel will unveil its new line of fashionable temporary tattoos. The set of 55 tattoos sells for $75.
17: Most Tattoo machines hold between 1 and 10 needles and some ancient methods using rakes hold up to 27.
18: Anil Gupta is considered NYC’s most expensive tattoo artist at over $350 per hour.
19: In the majority of cases, the outline of a tattoo shouldn’t bleed at all, and the shading for only a few minutes.
20: As of 2006, 1 in 4 women aged 18 to 50 have at least one tattoo.

21: U.S. President James Polk is said to be the first white man to have a Chinese character as a tattoo.
22: A brothel in Cologne, Germany is offering any patron who gets a tattoo of the businesses logo, by their in house artist, free entrance for life ($6.25 US) and discounts on lap dances ($25.00 US. ea)
25: The word “tattoo” has been in the top ten searched terms since Lycos started tracking search engines.
26: Democrats are more likely to have a tattoo then republicans, 18% to 14%.
27: January 23, 2010. A new US Marine Corp directive prohibits anyone with a full sleeve tattoo from becoming an officer. It also prohibits tattoos on the hands, wrists, fingers, and the inside of the mouth.
28: July 17th, 2009. 18 year old Kimberly Vlaminck sues a Romanian tattoo artist over the 56 stars that she awoke to, scattered across her face, 53 more than see asked for. She later admitted that she lied in the lawsuit and had asked for all fifty six.
29: Blues singer Janis Joplin had a wristlet tattoo and a small heart on her left breast.
30: In Oregon, it is a felony to practice tattooing without a license or in an unlicensed shop.

31: Heiress and socialite Paris Hilton had one tattoo to her credit, the name of then boyfriend Nick Carter on her right butt cheek. It has since been removed by laser.
32: The traditional Samoan tattoo, pe’a, covering the body from mid torso to the knees, takes 3 months to complete and up to 1 year to fully heal. A typical session lasts from dawn till dusk, or until the pain becomes too great, and resumes the next day unless the skin needs a few days to heal.
33: In a 2002 survey, 8 of the top 10 voted, “most beautiful people in the world” had tattoos.
34: Tattoos done today don’t turn blue when they age, unless they were originally blue, the inks are much more stable.
35: The first occurrence of the word tattoo in the Oxford English Dictionary came in 1769 and is credited to Captain John Cook.
36: A rooster tattooed on one leg and a pig on the other is said to protect a sailor from drowning. Neither animal can swim.
37: Queen Kamamalu of Hawaii (1808-1824) was the first woman to have her tongue tattooed.
38: Most tattoo artists will not tattoo a pregnant woman.
39: Some tattoo artists claim that if you shield a new tattoo from sunlight for the first two years it will remain brighter and clearer for decades.
40: Over 40 million people in the U.S. have tattoos.

41: 26% of Americans with a tattoo say they make them feel more attractive, with women voting that way almost 2 to 1 over men.
42: Tommy Lee of Motley Crue holds the record for highest altitude tattoo, having been inked in 2008 at 45,000 feet. The tattoo was said to cost $150,000 dollars.
43: 73 year old Isobel Valley, the world’s most tattooed women, has every square inch of her body tattooed, except her face, and also has fifty piercings, 15 of which are visible. The majority of the piercings are below the belt because she wants to jingle when she walks, she says.
44: An increasing number of people are having medical alerts tattooed to aid doctors in case of an emergency.
45: 43 year old former soldier Shawn Clark has the names of all 232 British soldiers killed in Afghanistan tattooed on his back.
46: At one time red ink was known to fade; not so with today’ inks.
47: The title of The “Hardy Boys” #47 is “The Mystery of the Whale Tattoo.”
48: When Cortez landed on the Mexican coast in 1519 he was horrified to find the natives practicing devil worshiping and had somehow permanently marked images of their idols on their skin. He called it the work of the devil.
49: A tattoo of an anchor on a sailor indicates they have sailed across the Atlantic.
50: One third of Americans with tattoos say they make them feel sexier.

51: Tattoo ink is injected into the second layer of the skin, the dermis, and become encapsulate by the body as a defense mechanism, leaving the image stable and intact.
52: Gabrial Carbona, an American teenage hit man for a Mexican cartel, has his eyelids tattooed so they never look closed. His idea is not working as well for him in prison.
53: Jimmy Buffet sings about tattoos in this song of the same name, “It’s a permanent reminder of a temporary feeling.”
54: In the 1920′s, American circuses employed more than 300 people with full body tattoos and paid them up to $200 a week, a lot of money during those times.
55: The percentage of males and females with tattoos is now statistically equal.
56: Tattoo equipment is sterilized in an autoclave, a high pressure steam machine, similar to a pressure cooker and how hospitals do theirs.
57: 57% of people without a tattoo feel that those with them are more rebellious and threatening.
58: 35 0f the first 43 U.S. Presidents reportedly have tattoos.
59: Tattoo inks are not regulated by the by any government agencies so there is no way of knowing exactly what’s in them.

60: Winston Churchill’s mother, Lady Randolph Churchill, had a tattoo of a snake on her wrist. They were popular for rich aristocrats during that period. She chose a snake because it could be easily covered by a bracelet.
61: U.S. President Andrew Jackson had a giant tattoo of a tomahawk that ran down the length of the inside of his thigh. No one knows exactly why.
62: Almost all U.S. corporations have some form of restrictions or policy regarding tattoos on the job.
63: As of Sept. 29th 2009, the 19 year old ban on tattooing was lifted in DeKalb, Illinois.
64: Actress Halle Berry has a tattoo of a sunflower on her rear end covering up the name of her ex, baseball player David Justice.
65: The popularity of tattooing during the latter part of the nineteenth century and first part of the twentieth century owed much to the circus sideshow.
66: People with antisocial personality disorder are more likely to have a higher number of tattoos in more visible locations, and covering a larger percentage of their bodies.
67: Ancient Egyptians used tattoos to differentiate between slaves and peasants.
68: During the late 18th century in Europe, collecting the tattooed heads of Maori people became so popular that many were murdered to meet the demand. The heads were commonly paid for in guns.
69: In the 1870s the Japanese government outlawed tattoos forcing the practice underground where it flourished.
70: 3% of Americans say having a tattoo makes them feel more athletic.

71: The world’s most tattooed women, Isobel Varley got her first tattoo, a flower, at age 49.
72: 4% of consumers spend over $1000 on a tattoo.
73: When you see someone’s tattoo you are viewing it through the first layer of the skin, the epidermis.
74: 50% of all tattoos are not covered up by clothing and are openly visible.
75: Tattoo machines can make upwards of 200 hits per second, that’s up to 12,000 times a minute and 720,000 an hour.
76: In ancient Greece and Rome, tattoos were considered barbaric and were only used to mark slaves and criminals.
77: 52% of those in prison are tattooed.
78: In recent studies, memorial tattoos have been shown to overwhelmingly turn grief into joy and morning into celebration by creating a lasting memory.
79: A 2009 study conducted at Liverpool Hope University found that people with three or more tattoos had significantly lower levels of self esteem.
80: 4% of Americans say that their tattoos make them feel healthier.

81: It is untrue that white or lighter colored inks are more painful to use.
82: A tattoo is art, only, if the person doing the tattoo is an artist and a skilled technician.
83: President James Buchanon had a tattoo of a scantily clad woman on his chest with the initials BFL (bachelor for life).
84: In 2002, 18 year old hair dresser Lee Becks was shocked to find out the tattoo he thought said, “Love, honor, and obey” actually translated to, “at the end of the day, this is an ugly boy.”
85: New York City outlawed tattoos from 1961 to 1997 because of a tattoo related outbreak of hepatitis “C”.
86: In a 2002 study a group of male high school and college students viewed pictures of models with and without tattoos, and graded them in 13 categories. The models with tattoos scored much lower in 9 of the 13 ratings.
87: Some people experience pain or a burning during sensation during an MRI because of the metallic particles in some inks.
88: The US Navy prohibited tattoos of naked women during World War II, so many future sailors had to get their tattoos reworked to include cloths.
89: The first recorded instance of death following tattooing was reported in 1837 in France. The young woman, a prostitute, was covering up another unwanted tattoo and died from the infection that followed.
90: Apr. 30, 2009. To celebrate Barbie’s 50th birthday Mattel comes out with the new “Totally Stlylin’ Barbie, complete with a set of place able tattoos, one a lower back tattoo featuring the name Ken.

91: 35% of all NBA players have tattoos. Michael Jordan has none and teammate Dennis Rodman has at least 22.
92: Lorette Fulkerson was the last woman to work the circus sideshows, retiring in 1995 at the age of 80.
93: Eyeball tattoos are not done with a machine, but rather, the ink is directly injected into the eye with a syringe.
94: Urine was sometimes used in early ink mixtures.
95: 5% of Americans with a tattoo say they make them feel smarter.
96: The first case of a syphilis being transmitted by a tattoo came in 1853. The artists ink was drying up so he spit in it, transferring the disease.
97: Never go back to the person who gave you a bad tattoo to have it fixed, it will not get better.
98: The time to ask questions is before you get a tattoo.
99: Good tattoos aren’t cheap and cheap tattoos aren’t good.
100: Women are more than twice as likely to have a tattoo removed as men.

101: Over 50% of the tattoos created today will be removed by laser at great expense, intense pain and permanent minor scaring. Think before you ink.

Author: Noel Christian
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: PCB Prototype & Manufacturing

Doctors have long performed vocal cord surgery on people with vocal injuries but today, cosmetic surgery is available for people who want to sound younger. Why pay a plastic surgeon to get a nose like Halle Berry’s, lips like Angelina Jolie’s, and have as much fat sucked off your hips as Kirstie Ally, if Father Time assigns you a voice like Harvey Fierstein’s?

To produce sound, vocal cords meet each other at a rate of between 120 and 220 times a minute, and that high level of usage exacts a price. Unlike skin, which sags as we age, the vocal cord surface stiffens.

Heavy voice usage takes its toll over the years, so let’s assume women are more susceptible to voice aging than men, since we usually manage to get the last word.

Over time, air leaks through a gap in the vocal cords and a voice lift narrows the gap. Singing, smoking and everyday talking can make vocal cords less limber and speech less recognizable. So can a few stiff drinks.

For about $17,500 as the crow’s feet fly, doctors insert implants through an incision in the neck, or plump the cords by injecting fat or collagen.

Dr. H. Steven Sims, Director, Chicago Institute for Voice Care, said, “For the professional voice user, a voice lift is a reasonable request. Also, for people who have weakness in the vocal folds from neurologic conditions like multiple sclerosis, augmenting the vocal folds can yield a more robust, flexible, and ultimately pleasing voice. The materials available for augmentation continue to improve, so I think this is a useful adjunct to voice rehabilitation.”

Sports fans may need voice rehabilitation as well from screaming during games, a traditional emotional outlet, since it’s illegal to punch referees.

It’s also illegal to punch Mother Nature for handing out sagging bodies and stiff vocal cords, when we yearn for the opposite.

Dr. Steven H. Dayan, Clinical Assistant Professor, University of Illinois, Chicago, said, “I feel that [voice lift] is an appropriate procedure, in limited situations, and it’s imperative to seek out a well-experienced professional. If a patient wants the winning voice on ‘American Idol,’ this isn’t the procedure for them.”

Doctors can only make you sound the same as when you were younger; they cannot make you sound like Streisand.

In discussing the voice lift, Dr. Robert Thayer Sataloff, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Philadelphia Graduate Hospital, said, “If someone can take the tremor out of your voice, that would be of value.”

What’s wrong with a little tremor, maybe not as pronounced as Katharine Hepburn’s was, but you can tell a lot by a tremor. Emotion detection, for instance. If unemotional Scott Peterson could’ve managed a tremor for the jury, the verdict might’ve been different.
And what about pre-pubescent boys with a vocal squeak alerting parents to his impending manhood? Without that squeak, who could tell?

On the other hand, the sound of age in our voices will become unimportant, if the words we say are uplifting.

Author: Maggie Van Ostrand
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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These celebrities have one thing in common: at least half of America has viewed graphic content from the only private part of their lives.
This celebrity sex tape era stems from our fascination with reality TV and obsession with fame and sex, topped off by this technological revolution where everyone has a camcorder and computer with video.
Hardcore porn films have existed since the teens, but one of the earliest star pornos to surface was a nameless film that depicts what appears to be a young Marilyn Monroe, shot around 1948. Six decades later, the latest celebrity sex tape features Colin Farrell and a former Playboy Playmate, and contains a mere 14 minutes of action, marked by dialogue such as: “Where’s the zoom on this?”

But Farrell’s career probably won’t falter, and could even benefit in what has developed to be another media outlet celebrities can now work in. Some critics feel that celebrities may even be in on the sex tape “leaks”. It makes them more interesting and promotes their name.
Although our obsessive celebrity culture has been rising since the 1990′s, this public desire to see their sex tapes is a new development. Why? Partially because in our culture, the media divulges so much personal information about celebrities that people feel they know them on an intimate level.

After Paris Hilton’s sex tape surfaced, her superficial resume bulked up, and her freaking dog even wrote a book! In 2005, Yahoo’s seventh most-searched term in the world was “Paris Hilton”. Her tape is only a well-known example in the celebrity pornography trade, which increases dramatically with each innovation in motion picture technology.

In the past, Hollywood studios worked hard to curb inappropriate behavior. Celebrities under contract had to sign morals clauses, but now celebrities are constantly over boundaries of sexual explicitness that is almost encouraged. Consider 2001′s Monster’s Ball, with an intense and almost too-long sex scene between Billy Bob Thorton and Halle Berry.
The odd thing is, although people eagerly delve into media’s warped values, what we expect from ourselves or our politicians are radically different.

As a U.S. Senator your career would be ruined if your sex tape was leaked. A regular citizen such as me or you would be looked down upon. For example: A former Taiwanese Council woman was involved in sex scandal with her husband. She was described as disgraceful and forced from office. On the other hand, icon Paula Abdul had a sexual affair with a contestant on “American Idol” but is still a judge even after recordings and phone records displayed her relationship with the contestant…but the network claimed there was no proof.

What do these instances say about our society and our values? Why does our culture reward celebrities with publicity for their lewd acts?

Author: Lauren Wise
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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Clay Aiken, the popular American Idol and the person who sang “Invincible” and the regular face in Broadway, has several food allergies. He cannot eat mint, shellfish, tree nuts, chocolates and even mushrooms.

Drew Barrymore, who is known for her cute smile and famous for her Charlie’s Angels role, cannot have eat garlic or drink coffee. She has these two terrible food allergies.

Who does not love Halle Berry and who would like to think that even she suffers from allergies? Being the first African American woman to have won an academy award, she still has some imperfections health wise. Halle is terribly allergic to shrimps, and she can never have the most exotic tasting food in the world.

Elisabeth Hasselback of the Australian Outback fame has celiac disease and cannot eat wheat.

Ray Romano of Everybody Loves Raymond fame has peanut allergy which happens to be one of the most common food allergies in the world. That means he can never have peanut butter.

Billy Bob Thornton, the loveable but eccentric actor, is allergic to wheat, shellfish and all dairy products.

Serena Williams, the famous tennis star, is allergic to peanuts and cannot ever have them.

Author: Pauline Go
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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Misty May Treanor’s injury was bad enough that it required surgery. Misty injured her achilles tendon while practicing for Dancing With the Stars last Friday. Representatives say that she is doing “fine” and is at home recovering with her husband Matt. Doctors estimate that it will be at least nine month before she’s seen out on the volleyball court again. “I would come back to the ballroom if they asked me back,” May-Treanor said on Monday’s DWTS broadcast. Because of Misty’s injury none of the other dancing couples were sent home, giving all of those receiving the lowest votes a week’s reprieve.

Esquire magazine has named Halle Berry the sexiest woman alive, for this year at least. Six months after having a baby, Berry wasn’t sure how to respond to the news of this announcement. “I don’t know exactly what it means, but being 42 and having just had a baby, I think I’ll take it.” Exactly how Berry garned this title, I’m not sure. She doesn’t have a new movie coming out, in fact it seems the only big thing she’s done this year is had her baby. That’s not exactly a huge accomplishment, even at 42. So, enjoy the momentary splendor, Halle, for next year someone else will take the title from you.

Finally, some odds and ends from around the entertainment world. The FX show “The Riches”, starring Eddie Izzard and Minne Driver, has officially been cancelled. There will not be a third season. Jason Priestly is coming back to 90210. But not onscreen. Sorry fans. Priestly is going to be behind the camera, directing the shows 18th episode, slated to air this spring. Also Shannen Doherty is nearing a deal to come back for two more episodes. Want to own a piece of Buffy-related property? Both Joss Whedon and David Greenwalt are putting up their homes for sale. Great if you just happen to have $3 million or so in spare cash.

As we get closer to wrapping up American Idol for the season and probably forever, William Hung has hit the Top 100 searches again. So where is William Hung? At the moment the ex-Idol hopeful is working on a Math degree and UC Northridge with hopes of becoming a math teacher.

With no big surprise mystery illnesses on House last night nothing jumps out of the Google Trends page from there. I am going through the entries never the less and find is Courtney Henggeler is currently rated in the “Volcanic” for hotness on Google. Of course after “Bog Creatures” it is surprising no one tossed this hottie in a volcano.

We all knew Roger Clemens was a rock star of baseball.No one realized just how much like a rock star the seven time Cy Young winner really was though. First it is found out that he had an affair with Mindy McCready which started when she was fifteen. Now we find out he had another mistress named Angela Moyer. This is on top of his already hot wife, Debbie Clemens. Drug use, hot wife, and extra girls on the side screams rock star to me. However unlike rockstars I don’t think being dead would have been a good career move for him as a baseball player.

In one moment of farewell we say goodbye to Mildred Loving. As the black woman who challenged Virginia’s ban on inter-racial marriage and won, pop culture has much to say thank you to her for. It wasn’t just blacks who couldn’t marry whites it was every race in many places. So take a moment to think about Mildred as you think about some of the great interracial pop icons. From Kidada Jones and Halle Berry to Tiger Woods and Jessica Alba to Norah Jones and Mariah Carey our culture has gained much from a woman who didn’t want to be a hero, just a bride.

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